Wyraz - pewna wyróżniona fonetycznie, czy też graficznie, część wypowiedzi składająca się z jednego lub więcej
morfemów."Wyraz" nie jest tworem w pełni obiektywnym i co jest wyrazem, a co nim nie jest, zależy w sporym stopniu od tradycji językoznawczej danego języka. W językach fleksyjnych pojęcie wyrazu jest dość jasne - wyrazem jest morfem bazowy z dołączonymi do niego wszystkimi morfemami odmiany, w przypadku
języka polskiego dodatkowo granicę wyrazu wyznacza stały akcent na drugą sylabę od końca.
W celu uzyskania więcej informacji, zobacz w Wikipedia.οrg...
Думата е
езикова единица, която символизира и предава смисъл. Тя се състои от фонеми и морфеми. Думите имат преки (номинативни или денотативни, обозначаващи предмета пряко) и преносни (конотативни, обозначаващи отношението на субекта на говорене към предмета) значения; те могат да се отнасят до конкретни и/или абстрактни
понятия. Извън прякото им (книжовно) речниково значение, думите също могат да се използват жаргонно или като евфемизми.
Вижте повече на Wikipedia.οrg…
važa (plv. vâcak, aves. vâc)
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=> fra. à demi-mot, à mots couverts
=> fra. (avoir) le dernier mot
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But identity is a precise conception, and no word, in ordinary speech, stands for anything precise. Ordinary speech does not distinguish between identity and close similarity. A word always applies, not only to one particular, but to a group of associated particulars, which are not recognized as multiple in common thought or speech.
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A vague word is not to be identified with a general word, though in practice the distinction may often be blurred. A word is general when it is understood to be applicable to a number of different objects in virtue of some common property. A word is vague when it is in fact applicable to a number of different objects because, in virtue of some common property, they have not appeared, to the person using the word, to be distinct.
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Vague words precede judgments of identity and difference; both general and particular words are subsequent to such judgments.
(B. RUSSELL,
The Analysis of Mind )
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... so far as it is purely linguistic, it is proper to give weight to common usage in arriving at a definition. But the ways in which it is convinient to use words change with changes in our knowledge.
(B. RUSSELL, My philosophical development, p. 186)
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« Tous les pouvoirs, ont-ils rappelé, créent des mots pour nous obliger à penser comme eux. »
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Dans le monde social, les mots sont des armes, et les luttes sur les mots, le sens et la portée qu'on leur donne ne sont pas vaines ou superflues.