In
mathematics, a unit vector in a
normed vector space is a
vector (often a
spatial vector) whose length, (or magnitude) is 1 (the unit length). A unit vector is often written with a superscribed caret or “hat”, like this (pronounced "i-hat"). In
Euclidean space, the
dot product of two unit vectors is simply the cosine of the angle between them. This follows from the formula for the dot product, since the lengths are both 1.The normalized vector or versor of a non-zero vector is the unit vector codirectional with , i.e.,
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