Cryptorchidism is a medical term referring to absence from the
scrotum of one or both
testes. This usually represents failure of the testis to move, or "descend," during fetal development from an
abdominal position, through the
inguinal canal, into the ipsilateral scrotum. About 3% of full-term and 30% of premature infant boys are born with at least one undescended testis, making cryptorchidism the most common
birth defect of male
genitalia. However, most testes descend by the first year of life (the majority within three months), making the true incidence of cryptorchidism around 1% overall.
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A condition in which one or both testicles fail to move from the abdomen, where they develop before birth, into the scrotum. Undescended testicles may increase the risk for development of testicular cancer. Also called cryptorchidism.