Turbine
A turbine is a rotary
engine that extracts
energy from a
fluid flow. Claude Burdin (1788-1873) coined the term from the
Latin turbinis, or
vortex during an 1828 engineering competition.
Benoit Fourneyron (1802-1867), a student of Claude Burdin, built the first practical water turbine. The simplest turbines have one moving part, a rotor assembly, which is a shaft with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades, or the blades react to the flow, so that they rotate and impart energy to the rotor. Early turbine examples are
windmills and
water wheels.
Gas,
steam, and
water turbines usually have a casing around the blades that focuses and controls the fluid. The casing and blades may have variable geometry that allows efficient operation for a range of fluid-flow conditions. A device similar to a turbine but operating in reverse is a
compressor or
pump. The
axial compressor in many
gas turbine engines is a common example.
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Turbine
Turbine
Turbina
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Turbina