tomb

For the New York prison see The Tombs. A Tomb is a repository for the remains of the dead. The term generally refers to any structurally enclosed interment space or burial chamber, of varying sizes. The word is used in a broad sense to encompass a number of such types of places of interment or, occasionally, burial, including:Burial vaults – stone or brick-lined underground spaces for interment (rather than burial), originally vaulted, often privately owned for specific family groups; usually beneath a religious building such as a church or in a churchyard or cemeteryChurch monuments – within a church (or tomb-style chests in a churchyard) may be places of interment, but this is unusual; they more commonly stand over the grave or burial vault rather than containing the actual body and are therefore not tombsCrypts – often, though not always, for interment; similar to burial vaults but usually for more general public intermentMartyrium - final resting place for the remains of a martyr or saint, such as San Pietro in MontorioMausolea (including ancient pyramids in some countries) – external free-standing structures, above ground, acting as both monument and place of interment, usually for individuals or family groupsMegalithic tombs (including Chamber tombs) – prehistoric places of interment, often for large communities, constructed of large stones and originally covered with an earthen moundSarcophagi – stone containers for bodies or coffins, often decorated and perhaps part of a monument; these may stand within religious buildings or greater tombs or mausoleaSepulchres – cavernous, rock-cut or stone-built (often underground) spaces for interment, such as the ; however, it is generally used to refer to similar Jewish or Christian structures.Architectural shrines – in Christianity, an architectural shrine above a saint's first place of burial, as opposed to a similar shrine on which stands a reliquary or feretory into which the saint's remains have been transferredOther forms of archaeological 'tombs' such as ship burials
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Grabmal, auch Grabdenkmal, im weitern Sinn jedes einem Toten an seiner Beerdigungs- oder Beisetzungsstätte errichtete Erinnerungszeichen, im engern Sinn ein solches von künstlerischer, durch Architektur oder Plastik hergestellter Form. Ursprünglich eine Auszeichnung für Fürsten, Helden und hervorragende Persönlichkeiten, wurde die Sitte, Grabmäler zu errichten, schon im frühen Altertum allgemein und auf alle Toten ausgedehnt.
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Grobowiec – samodzielna budowla (kaplica grobowa), kompozycja architektoniczno-rzeźbiarska umieszczana w nawach bocznych, kaplicach, podziemiach kościołów albo nad podziemną mogiłą na cmentarzu. Grobowce przybierały różne formy, np. piramid, hypogeum, tolosu, kubby. W kompozycjach rzeźbiarskich wykorzystywano kształt sarkofagu, trumny, katafalku oraz wizerunek zmarłego w formie całej postaci lub portretu.
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Een graftombe is in het algemeen een bouwwerk, grafheuvel of hunebed met als inhoud het graf van een heerser of ander machtig of rijk iemand.Soorten graftombenMegalietpiramideBekende graftombenNewgrangeTaj Mahal
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墓（はか）は、死者の遺体（遺骨）を葬り、故人を弔う場所。一般に墓石・墓碑などを置く。またこの墓石・墓碑のことを墓ということもある。王などの有力者は巨大な墓を築くことも多く、それらは単に死者を祀る場ではなく、故人の為した業績を後世に伝えるモニュメントとしての性格も帯びる。王や皇帝の墓は法令または慣習により、陵と呼ぶ。また、古代日本では墓を「奥都城、奥津城（おくつき）」と呼んでおり、これにならって、神道墓をそう呼ぶ。なお、墳墓は「築く」といい、その他の墓や塔は「建てる」という。建てた人という意味で建立者の名を刻む場合は、殆どが「建之」の字を当てる。
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