teratogenicity

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Teratology
Teratology (from the Greek  (genitive ), meaning monster, or marvel and , meaning word, speech) as early as 17th century referred to a discourse on prodigies and marvels, of anything so extraordinary as to seem abnormal. In 19th century, it acquired a meaning closer related to biological deformities, mostly in the field of botany. Currently, its most instrumental meaning is that of the medical study of teratogenesis, congenital malformations or grossly deformed individuals. Monster is a pejorative term for a grossly deformed individual, although it is interesting to note that, etymologically, this word is related to demonstration, and used to simply mean something worth looking at, for being unusual, without necessarily being pejorative. Another term for this is dysmorphology, which literally means "the study of abnormal form."
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Tératologie
La tératologie (du grec τέρᾰς, monstre et logos, science) est l'étude scientifique des malformations congénitales. Elle est l'étude des monstres. Le terme de monstre est ici à prendre selon sa définition dans les sciences de la vie (être vivant présentant une importante malformation). Il vient d'ailleurs du latin monstrum qui signifie «prodige ayant une valeur de présage», du fait de l'interprétation qui en était faite.
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Teratogen
Teratogene sind äußere Einwirkungen, die Fehlbildungen hervorrufen können: Stoffe (fruchtschädigende Stoffe), sowie Viren und ionisierende Strahlung. Inzwischen ist der Begriff reproduktionstoxisch (auch reprotoxisch) bzw. fortpflanzungsgefährdend gebräuchlicher. Statt von CMT-Stoffen (cancerogen-mutagen-teratogen) spricht man dementsprechend heute von CMR-Stoffen, die in den R- und S-Sätzen R60 bis R63 behandelt werden.
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Teratologia
Teratologia (z gr. téras - potwór i lógos - nauka), nauka, która zajmuje się badaniem wad rozwojowych i potworności u ludzi i zwierząt oraz u roślin. Powiązana jest ściśle z anatomią porównawczą i patologicznąembriologią i genetyką.Przedmiotem badań teratologicznych jest opis wad i potworności oraz wykrywanie przyczyn (czynników teratogennych) ich powstawania, np.:leki i inne substancje chemicznezakażenia wirusowepromieniowanie jonizujące
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Teratogenesi
La teratogenesi (dal greco "creazione di mostri") indica lo sviluppo anormale di alcune regioni del feto durante la gravidanza, che si traduce nella nascita di un bambino che presenta gravi difetti congeniti. La scienza che studia le malformazioni e le anomalie congenite è detta teratologia.È detta teratogena una sostanza che può provocare tali malformazioni qualora la madre venga esposta ad essa durante la gravidanza o, in alcuni casi, anche prima di essa.Tra queste malformazioni rientrano alcuni difetti che in alcuni gravi casi possono rivelarsi anche mortali per il neonato: focomelialabbro leporinopalatoschisi, o difetti alle pareti cardiache.
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