Transfer RNA
Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA), first hypothesized by
Francis Crick, is a small
RNA chain (73-93 nucleotides) that transfers a specific
amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during
translation. It has a 3' terminal site for
amino acid attachment. This covalent linkage is catalyzed by an aminoacyl tRNA synthetase. It also contains a three
base region called the
anticodon that can base pair to the corresponding three base
codon region on
mRNA. Each type of tRNA molecule can be attached to only one type of amino acid, but because the
genetic code contains multiple codons that specify the same amino acid, tRNA molecules bearing different anticodons may also carry the same amino acid.
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TRNA
TRNA transfer RNA. tRNA n. One of a class of RNA molecules that transports amino acids to ribosomes for incorporation into a polypeptide undergoing [
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tRNA
Noun
1. short-chain RNA molecules present in the cell (in at least 20 varieties, each variety capable of combining with a specific amino acid) that attach the correct amino acid to the protein chain that is being synthesized at the ribosome of the cell (according to directions coded in the mRNA)
(synonym) transfer RNA, acceptor RNA, soluble RNA
(hypernym) ribonucleic acid, RNA
tRNA
Transfer RNA.
tRNA
transfer RNA, a small ribonucleic chain (74-93 nucleotides) that transfers amino acids to the ribosome to be placed in the order prescribed by the messenger RNA; tRNA molecules match up with a template strand of mRNA to facilitate formation of a specific sequence of amino acids into linear strands that are later processed in the cell to form proteins.