synecdoche

n. figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole or the whole for the part (i.e. "wheels" for "car")

Synecdoche is a figure of speech in which:a term denoting a part of something is used to refer to the whole thing, ora term denoting a thing (a "whole") is used to refer to part of it, ora term denoting a specific class of thing (a "species") is used to refer to a larger, more general class (a "genus"), ora term denoting a general class of thing (genus) is used to refer to a smaller, more specific class (species), ora term denoting a material is used to refer to an object composed of that material.
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Noun
1. substituting a more inclusive term for a less inclusive one or vice versa
(hypernym) trope, figure of speech, figure, image
(class) hearth, fireside

(n.)
A figure or trope by which a part of a thing is put for the whole (as, fifty sail for fifty ships), or the whole for a part (as, the smiling year for spring), the species for the genus (as, cutthroat for assassin), the genus for the species (as, a creature for a man), the name of the material for the thing made, etc.
  

synecdoche /si'nekdəki/
danh từ (ngôn ngữ học); (văn học) phép cải dung
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