A Steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts
thermal energy from pressurized
steam, and converts it into useful mechanical work. It has almost completely replaced the
reciprocating piston steam engine, primarily because of its greater
thermal efficiency and higher
power-to-weight ratio. Also, because the turbine generates rotary motion, rather than requiring a linkage mechanism to convert reciprocating to rotary motion, it is particularly suited for use driving an
electrical generator — about 86% of all electric generation in the world is by use of steam turbines. The steam turbine is a form of
heat engine that derives much of its improvement in
thermodynamic efficiency from the use of multiple stages in the expansion of the steam, as opposed to the one stage in the Watt engine, which results in a closer approach to the ideal
reversible process. Marine propulsion is perhaps the only industry to employ reversing steam turbines.
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