states

n. USA, United States of America, the States

v. say, speak; express verbally or in writing; announce, declare firmly

n. condition; stage, phase; mood, emotional condition; splendor; overly excited or distressed; nation; internally autonomous territorial or political unit joined with others under a sovereign government

A state is a political association with effective dominion over a geographic area. It usually includes the set of institutions that claim the authority to make the rules that govern the people of the society in that territory, though its status as a state often depends in part on being recognized by a number of other states as having internal and external sovereignty over it. In sociology, the state is normally identified with these institutions: in Max Weber's influential definition, it is that organization that has a "monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory," which may include the armed forces, civil service or state bureaucracy, courts, and police.
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Noun
1. the group of people comprising the government of a sovereign state; "the state has lowered its income tax"
(hypernym) government, authorities, regime
(hyponym) Soviets
2. the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation; "his state is in the deep south"
(synonym) province
(hypernym) administrative district, administrative division, territorial division
(hyponym) commonwealth
(member-holonym) country, land
3. a politically organized body of people under a single government; "the state has elected a new president"; "African nations"; "students who had come to the nation's capitol"; "the country's largest manufacturer"; "an industrialized land"
(synonym) nation, country, land, commonwealth, res publica, body politic
(hypernym) political unit
(hyponym) Dominion
(part-meronym) estate, estate of the realm
4. the way something is with respect to its main attributes; "the current state of knowledge"; "his state of health"; "in a weak financial state"
(hyponym) skillfulness
5. the territory occupied by a nation; "he returned to the land of his birth"; "he visited several European countries"
(synonym) country, land
(hypernym) administrative district, administrative division, territorial division
(hyponym) banana republic
(member-meronym) department
(part-meronym) domain, demesne, land
6. a state of depression or agitation; "he was in such a state you just couldn't reason with him"
(hypernym) emotional state, spirit
(classification) colloquialism
7. (chemistry) the three traditional states of matter are solids (fixed shape and volume) and liquids (fixed volume and shaped by the container) and gases (filling the container); "the solid state of water is called ice"
(synonym) state of matter
(hypernym) chemical phenomenon
(hyponym) phase, form
(attribute) solid
(classification) chemistry, chemical science
Verb
1. express in words; "He said that he wanted to marry her"; "tell me what is bothering you"; "state your opinion"; "state your name"
(synonym) say, tell
(hypernym) express, verbalize, verbalise, utter, give tongue to
(hyponym) present, represent, lay out
(verb-group) say
(derivation) affirmation, assertion, statement
2. put before; "I submit to you that the accused is guilty"
(synonym) submit, put forward, posit
(hypernym) propose, suggest, advise
(derivation) affirmation, assertion, statement
3. indicate through a symbol, formula, etc.; "Can you express this distance in kilometers?"
(synonym) express
(hypernym) denote, refer
(hyponym) vote

<storage, architecture, jargon, theory> How something is; its configuration, attributes, condition, or information content. The state of a system is usually temporary (i.e. it changes with time) and volatile (i.e. it will be lost or reset to some initial state if the system is switched off).
A state may be considered to be a point in some space of all possible states. A simple example is a light, which is either on or off. A complex example is the electrical activation in a human brain while solving a problem.
In computing and related fields, states, as in the light example, are often modelled as being discrete (rather than continuous) and the transition from one state to another is considered to be instantaneous. Another (related) property of a system is the number of possible states it may exhibit. This may be finite or infinite. A common model for a system with a finite number of discrete state is a finite state machine.
[Jargon File]
(1996-10-13)

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