spaulder

Spaulders are armored plates worn upon the arm in a suit of plate armour for protection of the upper arm and shoulder area. Developed in the Middle Ages, spaulders continued to be worn well into the Renaissance, and are even crafted today for museums or simulated combat.True spaulders will not cover the arm holes when worn with a cuirass. A larger piece of armour that does is known as a pauldron. Alternatively, the gaps may be covered by besagews or simply left bare, exposing the mail beneath.The Iraq War saw the introduction of a modern day version of the spaulder, in the form of the "Deltoid Axillary Protector" add-on to the Interceptor body armor worn by US soldiers.
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The 14th and 15th century defense for the shoulder point, featuring a small dished defense for the shoulder point and a number of lames extending down the arm. During the 14th century these lames were generally attached permanently to the rerebrace , but during the 15th century many designs separated the spaulder into a separate piece. As the desire for greater and greater defense increased the demand for full plate protection, the size of the spaulder was increased to cover the armpit and even part of the back and chest, at which point modern scholars have separated out the term pauldron to classify these more extensive defenses.

14th and 15th century defense for the shoulder, featuring a small dished defense for the shoulder point and a number of lames extending down the arm