scalar curvature

In Riemannian geometry, the scalar curvature (or Ricci scalar) is the simplest  curvature invariant of a Riemannian manifold. To each point on a Riemannian manifold, it assigns a single real number determined by the intrinsic geometry of the manifold near that point.In two dimensions the scalar curvature completely characterizes the curvature of a Riemannian manifold. In dimensions ≥ 3, however, more information is needed. See  curvature of Riemannian manifolds for a complete discussion.The scalar curvature usually denoted by S (other notation are Sc, R). It is defined as the trace of the Ricci curvature tensor with respect to the metric:
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B: (Matematika) kelengkungan skalar
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B: (Fisika) lengkungan skalar
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