predisposition

n. previous tendency, predilection, previous inclination; sensitivity, susceptibility (to disease, etc.)

A genetic predisposition is a genetic effect which influences the phenotype of an organism but which can be modified by the environmental conditions.  Genetic testing is able to identify individuals who are genetically predisposed to certain health problems.
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Predisposition /pre·dis·po·si·tion/ a latent susceptibility to disease that may be activated under certain conditions. pre·dis·po·si·tion n. 1. [more]Predisposition - Community and Resources

Noun
1. susceptibility to a pathogen
(synonym) sensitivity
(hypernym) susceptibility, susceptibleness
(hyponym) habitus
(attribute) sensitizing, sensitising
2. an inclination beforehand to interpret statements in a particular way
(hypernym) inclination, disposition, tendency
(hyponym) predilection, preference, orientation
(derivation) predispose
3. a disposition in advance to react in a particular way
(hypernym) disposition

n. predisposition, susceptibility, strain