Physics
This is a discussion of a present category of science. For the work by
Aristotle, see “
Physics (Aristotle)”. For a history of the science, see “
History of physics”. Physics is the
science of
matter and its
motion, as well as
space and
time —the
science that deals with concepts such as
force,
energy,
mass, and
charge. As an
experimental science, its goal is to understand the natural world. For the etymology of the word physics, see
physis (φύσις).In one form or another, physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines; through its modern subfield of
astronomy, it may be the oldest of all. Sometimes synonymous with
philosophy,
chemistry and even certain branches of
mathematics and
biology during the last two millennia, physics
emerged as a modern science in the 17th century and these disciplines are now generally distinct, although the boundaries remain difficult to define.
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Physique
La physique (du
grec , la nature) est étymologiquement la «
science de la
nature ». Dans un sens général et ancien, la physique désigne la connaissance de la nature ; c'est le sens de
René Descartes et de ses élèves
Jacques Rohault et
Régis. Elle correspond alors aux
sciences naturelles ou encore à la
philosophie naturelle. Au , sa signification est plus restreinte : elle décrit de façon à la fois quantitative et conceptuelle les composants fondamentaux de l'univers, les
forces qui s'y exercent et leurs effets. Elle développe des
théories en utilisant l'outil des
mathématiques pour décrire et prévoir l'évolution de systèmes. La signification ancienne de la physique rassemble l'actuelle physique, la chimie et les sciences naturelles actuelles.
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Physik
Fizyka
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Fisica
La fisica (dal neutro plurale
latino physica, a sua volta derivante dal
greco physikà– ovvero "le cose naturali", da physis, "natura") è la scienza della
Natura nel senso più ampio. Originariamente una branca della
filosofia (per lungo tempo è stata chiamata
filosofia naturale), ancora oggi mantiene con essa legami profondi. Ma in seguito alla codifica del
metodo scientifico di
Galileo Galilei, negli ultimi trecento anni si è talmente evoluta e sviluppata ed ha conseguito risultati di tale importanza da conquistarsi piena autonomia e autorevolezza.
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