physician

n. doctor

The word physician applies to a person who practices some type of medicine. Such medical practitioners are concerned with maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury, through both an area of knowledge — a  science — of  body systems, their diseases and treatment, and the applied practice — an  art or craft — of that knowledge.
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Noun
1. a licensed medical practitioner; "I felt so bad I went to see my doctor"
(synonym) doctor, doc, MD, Dr., medico
(hypernym) medical practitioner, medical man
(hyponym) abortionist
(member-holonym) doctor-patient relation

(n.)
Hence, figuratively, one who ministers to moral diseases; as, a physician of the soul.
  

(n.)
A person skilled in physic, or the art of healing; one duty authorized to prescribe remedies for, and treat, diseases; a doctor of medicine.
  

Only in English is a physician engaged in medicine. In French, for example, a physicien is a physicist.