Photophobia (also light sensitivity) or fear of light, is a
symptom of excessive
sensitivity to
light and the aversion to
sunlight or well-lit places. In medical terms, it is not fear, but an experience of discomfort or pain to the eyes due to light exposure. Light sensitivity is usually due to too much light entering the eye, which causes over stimulation of the photoreceptors in the
retina and subsequent excessive electric impulses to the
optic nerve. This leads to a reflex aversion to light, and discomfort or pain. Too much light can enter the eye if it is damaged, such as with corneal abrasion and retinal damage, or if a pupil(s) is unable to normally constrict (seen with damage to the
oculomotor nerve).
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