Photon
In
physics, the photon is the
elementary particle responsible for
electromagnetic phenomena. It is the
carrier of
electromagnetic radiation of all
wavelengths, including
gamma rays,
X-rays,
ultraviolet light,
visible light,
infrared light,
microwaves, and
radio waves. The photon differs from many other elementary particles, such as the
electron and the
quark, in that it has zero rest
mass; therefore, it travels (in vacuum) at the
speed of light, c. Like all
quanta, the photon has both wave and particle properties (“
wave–particle duality”). Photons show wave-like phenomena, such as
refraction by a lens and destructive interference when reflected waves cancel each other out; however, as a particle, it can only interact with matter by transferring the amount of energy where h is
Planck's constant, c is the
speed of light, and is its wavelength. This is different from a classical wave, which may gain or lose arbitrary amounts of energy. For visible light the energy carried by a single photon is around a tiny
joules; this energy is just sufficient to excite a single molecule in a
photoreceptor cell of an
eye, thus contributing to
vision.
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Photon
Photon
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Photon
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