In computing and optical disc recording technologies, an optical disc (OD) is a flat, usually circular disc which encodes binary data (bits) in the form of pits (binary value of 0 or off, due to lack of reflection when read) and lands (binary value of 1 or on, due to a reflection when read) on a special material (often aluminium) on one of its flat surfaces. The encoding material sits atop a thicker substrate (usually polycarbonate) which makes up the bulk of the disc and forms a dust defocusing layer. The encoding pattern follows a continuous, spiral path covering the entire disc surface and extending from the innermost track to the outermost track. The data is stored on the disc with a laser or stamping machine, and can be accessed when the data path is illuminated with a laser diode in an optical disc drive which spins the disc at speeds of about 200 to 4000 RPM or more, depending on the drive type, disc format, and the distance of the read head from the center of the disc (inner tracks are read at a faster disc speed). The pits or bumps distort the reflected laser light, hence most optical discs (except the black discs of the original PlayStation video game console) characteristically have an iridescent appearance created by the grooves of the reflective layer. The reverse side of an optical disc usually has a printed label, sometimes made of paper but often printed or stamped onto the disc itself. This side of the disc contains the actual data and is typically coated with a transparent material, usually lacquer. Unlike the 3½-inch floppy disk, most optical discs do not have an integrated protective casing and are therefore susceptible to data transfer problems due to scratches, fingerprints, and other environmental problems.

Dans les domaines de l'informatique, de l'audio et de la vidéo, le terme disque optique désigne un disque circulaire plat habituellement constitué de polycarbonate.

Dysk optyczny to jeden z rodzajów nośników informacji używany w systemach komputerowych do zapisu danych. Dysk optyczny jest płaskim, plastikowym krążkiem pokrytym materiałem, na którym mogą być zapisywane bity informacji w postaci fragmentów dobrze i słabo odbijających wiązkę światła. Odczyt danych następuje poprzez oświetlenie promieniem lasera. Dane są zapisane sekwencyjnie na ciągłej, spiralnej ścieżce od środka dysku na zewnątrz.

Un disco ottico è un supporto di memorizzazione costituito da un disco piatto e sottile in genere di policarbonato trasparente. Al suo interno è inserito un sottile foglio mettalico, in genere di alluminio, su cui vengono registrate e lette le informazioni tramite un raggio laser.