nucleoside

n. organic compound found in DNA and RNA that is composed of a sugar and a base (Biochemistry)

Nucleosides are glycosylamines made by attaching a nucleobase (often referred to simply as bases) to a ribose or deoxyribose ring. Examples of these include cytidine, uridine, adenosine, guanosine, thymidine and inosine. In short, a nucleoside is a base linked to sugar.Nucleosides can be phosphorylated by specific kinases in the cell, producing nucleotides, which are the molecular building blocks of DNA and RNA.Nucleosides are produced as the second step in nucleic acid digestion, whereby nucleotidases break down nucleotides (such as the thymine nucleotide) into nucleosides (such as thymidine) and phosphate. The nucleosides, in turn, are subsequently broken downin the lumen of the digestive system by nucleosidases into nitrogenous bases and ribose (or deoxyribose), andinside the cell by nucleoside phosphorylases into nitrogenous bases, and ribose-1-phosphate (or deoxyribose-1-phosphate). Nucleosides can be produced by combining nucleobases with deoxyribose rings as well.
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Noun
1. a glycoside formed by partial hydrolysis of a nucleic acid
(hypernym) glycoside
(hyponym) adenosine

n. nucleoside, organic compound found in DNA and RNA that is composed of a sugar and a base (Biochemistry)

A small molecule composed of a purine or pyrimidine base linked to a five-carbon sugar (pentose: ribose or deoxyribose). With the addition of a phosphate group, it becomes a nucleotide. Nucleosides in RNA are adenosine, guamosine, cytidine and uridine; in DNA, they are (d)adenosine, (d)guanosine, (d)cytidine and (d)thymidine.