northern Berber languages

The Northern Berber languages are a dialect continuum across the Maghreb that form a sub-family within the Berber languages. Their continuity is broken by the spread of Arabic, and to a lesser extent by the Zenati subgroup, which, though unmistakably Northern Berber, shares certain innovations not found in the surrounding languages, notably a softening of k to sh or ch, and an absence of a- in certain words, such as "hand" (afus vs. fus.) They include (languages with over a million speakers in bold):Moroccan Atlas languages:Tachelhit language (also called Tasusit, Shilha; includes "Judeo-Berber language"), in southern MoroccoCentral Morocco Tamazight Senhaja de Srair language (listed erroneously as Zenati by the Ethnologue), in the southern part of the Rif in MoroccoZenati languagesGhomara language, in the northwestern part of the Rif in MoroccoTarifit language, in northern MoroccoBeni Snous, in western Algeria near the borderArzew, in western Algeria (extinct?)South Oranais Berber, in the ksours along the Algerian-Moroccan borderFiguig dialect, in southeastern MoroccoCentral Maghreb BerberAchacha (extinct), north of Mostaghanem in AlgeriaBel Halima (extinct), west of Tiaret in AlgeriaOuarsenis (extinct?), east of El Asnam in AlgeriaHaraoua (extinct?), south of Ain Defla in AlgeriaChenoua language/Beni Menacer/Djebel Bissa, between Tipasa and Ténès in north-central Algeria west of AlgiersChaouia language, south of Constantine in northeastern Algerianorthern Saharan varieties:Tumzabt language of the Mzab, AlgeriaOuargli language/Teggargarent at Ouargla, Algeria"Temacine Tamazight language" (Ethnologue name) in Oued Righ, around Touggourt and Temacine (Algeria)"Taznatit language" of Touat and Gourara, Algeria (the Ethnologue name "Taznatit" is a misnomer, since that name is in fact used for most of the Zenati languages)Tidikelt languageSened language in Tunisia (extinct)Djerbi language (including Matmata and Tamezret) in southern TunisiaZuara language (controversially classified by the Ethnologue as part of Nafusi, along with the previous), in northwestern LibyaKabyle language, in Kabylia, east of AlgiersVarious groups near Blida, such as the Beni Salah and Beni Bou Yaqoub (extinct?)
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