Lexicon is also a synonym for
dictionary or
encyclopedic dictionary. For other uses, see
lexicon (disambiguation). In
linguistics, the lexicon of a language is its
vocabulary, including its words and expressions. More formally, it is a language's inventory of
lexemes.The lexicon includes the lexemes used to actualize words. Lexemes are formed according to
morpho-syntactic rules and express
sememes. In this sense, a lexicon organizes the
mental vocabulary in a speaker's mind: First, it organizes the vocabulary of a language according to certain principles (for instance, all verbs of motion may be linked in a lexical network) and second, it contains a generative device producing (new) simple and complex words according to certain lexical rules. For example, the
suffix '-able' can be added to
transitive verbs only, so that we get 'read-able' but not '*cry-able'.
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