Lamia may refer to:

• Lamia (animal), a mouse-like animal in New Guinea
• Lamia (genus), a genus of longhorn beetles

In ancient Greek mythology, Lamia (Greek: Λάμια) was a beautiful queen of Libya who became a child-eating daemon. Aristophanes claimed her name derived from the Greek word for gullet (λαιμός; laimos), referring to her habit of devouring children.