Khalkha (Mongol: Халх, lit. "the Shield") is the largest subgroup of Mongol people in Mongolia since 15th century. The Khalkha together with Tsahar, Ordos and Tumed, were directly ruled by the Chinggisid Khans until the 20th century; unlike the Oirat people who were ruled by the Dzungar nobles or the Khorchins who were ruled by Khasar's descendants. There were originally two major Khalkha groups, of which each ruled by the direct male line descendants of Dayan Khan. The Baarin, Qongirat, Jaarut, Baigut, and the O'zeed became Dayan Khan's fifth son Achibolod's subjects, thus formed the Southern Five Halhs. The Kerait, Jalair, Olkhunut, Khatagin, Besut, Iljigin, Gorlos, Uriankhai, Sartuul, Tanghut, Khotogoid, Khuree, and Tsookhor became Dayan Khan's youngest (could be third) son Geresenje's subjects, thus formed the "Аглагийн арван гурван хүрээ Халх" or The Thirteen Khalkhas of the Far North. There were also numerous direct descendants of Genghis Khan who had formed the ruling class of the Khalkha Mongols prior to the 20th century, but they were and still also regarded as Khalkha Mongols rather than belonging to a special unit. The Thirteen Khalkhas of the Far North are the major subethnic group of the independent state of Mongolia. They number 1,610,400, or 78.8 percent, of Mongolia's population (1989 figures). Khalkha dialect is the standard written language of Mongolia.

Die Chalcha-Mongolen sind mit etwa 70 % der Bevölkerung die dominierende ethnische Gruppe in der unabhängigen Mongolei. Ihre Sprache zählt zu den ostmongolischen Dialekten und bildet die Grundlage für die Schreibung des Mongolischen in kyrillischer Schrift (siehe Mongolische Sprache).

Les Khalkhas (en mongol classique qalq-a, en khalkha Халх) sont un sous-groupe des Mongols, dont fait partie la majorité de la population de la Mongolie.

Khalkha, eller chalch (Халх; [χɑɬχ]), är en dialekt av mongoliska som talas av omkring 2,3 miljoner människor. Den är standardspråk i Mongoliet och används av majoriteten (70-85%) av invånarna. Khalkha har en nordlig och en sydlig variant, där den nordliga är den som talas i Ulaanbaatar.

Nota: Este artículo trata sobre el grupo étnico. El artículo de la lengua oficial de Mongolia es: Mongol Khalkha.

Los Khalka o, en Mongol Khalkha, Halh (Халх) son un grupo de  mongoles nómadas, probablemente el más numeroso en el país de Mongolia. También están presentes en otras regiones de Asia Central. Según su tradición son los auténticos herederos de Gengis Kan.