Iron ores are
rocks and
minerals from which
metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in
iron oxides and vary in colour from dark grey to rusty red. The iron itself is usually found in the form of
magnetite (Fe3O4),
hematite (Fe2O3),
limonite or
siderite. Hematite is also known as "natural ore". The name refers to the early years of mining, when certain hematite ores contained 66% iron and could be fed directly into iron making blast furnaces. Iron ore is the raw material used to make
pig iron, which is one of the main raw materials to make
steel. 98% of the mined iron ore is used to make steel.
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