Inherence refers to
Empedocles' idea that the
qualities of
matter come from the relative
proportions of each of the
four elements entering into a thing. The idea was further developed by
Socrates and
Aristotle.That Socrates accepted (or at least did not reject) Empedocles' claim can be seen in the
Timaeus. However, he applied it also to cover the presence of
form in matter. The form was an active principle. Matter, on the other hand is passive, being a mere
possibility that the forms bring to life.Aristotle clearly accepted Empedocles' claim
[1], but he rejected Socrates' idea of the forms. According to Aristotle, the
accidents of a
substance are
incorporeal beings which are present in it. "By being 'present in a subject' I do not mean present as parts are present in a whole, but being incapable of existence apart from the said subject." (
The Categories 1a 24-26)
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