inference

n. act of deriving, act of inferring; speculation; drawing of a conclusion

Inference is the act or process of deriving a conclusion based solely on what one already knows. Inference is studied within several different fields. Human inference (i.e. how humans draw conclusions) is traditionally studied within the field of cognitive psychology. Logic studies the laws of valid inference. Statisticians have developed formal rules for inference from quantitative data. Artificial intelligence researchers develop automated inference systems.
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Noun
1. the reasoning involved in drawing a conclusion or making a logical judgment on the basis of circumstantial evidence and prior conclusions rather than on the basis of direct observation
(synonym) illation
(hypernym) reasoning, logical thinking, abstract thought
(hyponym) analogy
(derivation) generalize, generalise, extrapolate, infer

n. inference, speculation

(n.)
The act or process of inferring by deduction or induction.
  

(n.)
That which inferred; a truth or proposition drawn from another which is admitted or supposed to be true; a conclusion; a deduction.