Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin ( ; ; ), is the most common
Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. Hanyu means the
Chinese language, pin means "spell" and yin means "sound". It is also known as scheme of the Chinese phonetic alphabet ( ; ; ).Pinyin uses the
Latin alphabet to represent sounds in Standard Mandarin. The way these letters represent sounds in Standard Mandarin differs from other languages that use the Roman alphabet. For example, the sounds indicated in pinyin by b and g correspond more closely to the sounds indicated by p and k in some Western uses of the Latin script, e.g., French. Other letters, like j, q, x or zh, indicate sounds that do not correspond to any exact sound in English. Some of the transcriptions in pinyin, such as the ang ending, do not correspond to English pronunciations either. This means that people who have not studied Chinese or the pinyin system are likely to severely mispronounce some words if they attempt to pronounce pinyin according to their own language spellings.
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