glycoside hydrolase
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Glycoside hydrolase
Glycoside hydrolases (also called glycosidases)
catalyze
the
hydrolysis
of the
glycosidic linkage
to generate two smaller
sugars
. They are extremely common
enzymes
with roles in nature including degradation of
biomass
such as
cellulose
and
hemicellulose
, in anti-bacterial defense strategies (eg
lysozyme
), in
pathogenesis
mechanisms (eg viral
neuraminidases
) and in normal cellular function (eg trimming
mannosidase
s involved in N-linked glycoprotein
biosynthesis
). Together with
glycosyltransferases
, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.
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