Genetic testing allows the
genetic diagnosis of vulnerabilities to inherited
diseases, and can also be used to determine a person's
ancestry. Every person carries two copies of every
gene, one inherited from their mother, one inherited from their father. The
human genome is believed to contain around 25,000 - 35,000 genes. In addition to studying
chromosomes to the level of individual genes, genetic testing in a broader sense includes
biochemical tests for the possible presence of genetic diseases, or mutant forms of genes associated with increased risk of developing genetic disorders. Genetic testing identifies changes in
chromosomes, genes, or proteins. Most of the time, testing is used to find changes that are associated with inherited disorders. The results of a genetic test can confirm or rule out a suspected genetic condition or help determine a person's chance of developing or passing on a
genetic disorder. Several hundred genetic tests are currently in use, and more are being developed.
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Analyzing DNA to look for a genetic alteration that may indicate an increased risk for developing a specific disease or disorder.
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