style of jazz music that began in the 1950s and placed emphasis on improvisation (Music)
For the Ornette Coleman album after which this genre was named see
Free Jazz: A Collective Improvisation. Free jazz is a movement of
jazz music developed in the
1950s and
1960s by artists such as
Ornette Coleman,
Eric Dolphy,
Cecil Taylor,
Albert Ayler,
Joe Harriott,
Archie Shepp,
Mary Lou Williams,
John Tchicai,
Bill Dixon,
Paul Bley,
Hal Russell and
Sun Ra. Some of the best known examples are the later works of
John Coltrane. Though the music produced by these players varied widely, the common feature was a dissatisfaction with the expressive possibilities of
bebop,
hard bop, and
modal jazz; each in his own way, free jazz musicians attempted to break down or extend the conventions of jazz, often by discarding hitherto invariable features of jazz such as fixed chord changes or tempos.
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