Ordet Fiktion kommer af det
latinske fictio = noget opfundet. Derfra stammer den senere brug af ordet om alle slags påhit, indbildning.I dag bruges ordet næsten udelukkende om det opdigtede (
roman,
novelle,
digt) modsat det faktuelle, i den betydning også når man taler om fiktionsfilm i modsætning til f. eks.
dokumentarfilm.Fiktion kan inddeles i tre overordnede genrer:
epik (fortælling, dvs. roman, novelle)
lyrik (digte, folkeviser)
drama (skuespil)
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from Latin, in this case, Latin fictio(n-) "making, forming, faking" from "fictus," the past participle of fingere "to shape, mold, or form." The same root gave us "figure," "figment," "fein," and "effigy." The original Proto-Indo-European root was *dheigh- "to shape, make" which came directly to Old English as daege "(bread-)kneader." Although this word did not make it to Modern English, in Middle English it became daie "milkmaid," which plays a major role in "dairy," from Middle English daie "milkmaid" + erie "place of."1
xiâl/dâstân(-pardâzi)
+
It follows, therefore, that the difference between _fiction_ and _belief_ lies in some sentiment or feeling, which is annexed to the latter, not to the former, and which depends not on the will, nor can be commanded at pleasure. It must be excited by nature, like all other sentiments; and must arise from the particular situation, in which the mind is placed at any particular juncture.
...
It may not, however, be improper to attempt a _description_ of this sentiment; in hopes we may, by that means, arrive at some analogies, which may afford a more perfect explication of it. I say, then, that belief is nothing but a more vivid, lively, forcible, firm, steady conception of an object, than what the imagination alone is ever able to attain. This variety of terms, which may seem so unphilosophical, is intended only to express that act of the mind, which renders realities, or what is taken for such, more present to us than fictions, causes them to weigh more in the thought, and gives them a superior influence on the passions and imagination. Provided we agree about the thing, it is needless to dispute about the terms. The imagination has the command over all its ideas, and can join and mix and vary them, in all the ways possible. It may conceive fictitious objects with all the circumstances of place and time.
(David HUME,
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding)
2
afsâna( e nâ-dorost)