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"Death penalty," "Death sentence," and "Execution" redirect here. For other uses, see Death penalty (disambiguation), Death Sentence (disambiguation), or Execution (disambiguation). For the Big Pun album, see Capital Punishment (album).Capital punishment, also called the death penalty, is the execution of a convicted criminal by the state as punishment for crimes known as capital crimes or capital offences. Historically, the execution of criminals and political opponents was used by nearly all societies—both to punish crime and to suppress political dissent. Among countries around the world, almost all European and many Pacific Area states (including Australia, New Zealand and Timor Leste), and Canada have abolished capital punishment. In Latin America, most states have completely abolished the use of capital punishment, while some countries, however, like Brazil, allow for capital punishment only in exceptional situations, such as treason committed during wartime. The United States, Guatemala, most of the Caribbean and the majority of democracies in Asia (e.g. Japan and India) and Africa (e.g. Botswana and Zambia) retain it.
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La peine de mort ou peine capitale est une sentence appliquée par le pouvoir judiciaire consistant à retirer légalement la vie à une personne ayant été reconnue coupable d'un crime tombant sous une qualification pénale passible de cette peine. Un crime punissable de mort est un crime capital et est considéré par la société comme particulièrement grave.
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[Bild:Todesstrafe2.png|thumb|upright=1.2|Weltkarte der Todesstrafe. Farbschlüssel: Blau: Für alle Straftaten abgeschafft. Hellblau: Für gewöhnliche Straftaten abgeschafft (jedoch nicht in Kriegszeiten). Khaki: Seit mindestens 10 Jahren keine Anwendung. Orange: Anwendung gegen Erwachsene. Rot: Anwendung auch gegen Jugendliche.]]
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[Grafika:Death penalty map.png|thumb|right|300px|Mapa ukazuje wykonywanie kary śmierci na świecie. ]] Kara śmierci (kara główna, kara ostateczna) – kara polegająca na pozbawieniu życia sprawcy przestępstwa. Stosowana w przypadku ciężkich zbrodni, takich jak zabójstwo czy przestępstwo przeciwko państwu (np. zdrada). Kara śmierci była też, bądź jest zapisana w prawach religijnych różnych wyznań.
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La pena di morte, chiamata anche pena capitale, è l'eliminazione fisica di un individuo ordinata da un tribunale in seguito ad una condanna. Nei Paesi dove è prevista, di norma la legge commina la pena di morte a fattispecie di reato considerate gravi, come omicidio e alto tradimento. Alcuni ordinamenti giuridici ritengono passibili di pena capitale omicidi occorsi durante l'esecuzione di altri crimini violenti, come la rapina o lo stupro.
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