For the use of this concept in cosmology, see
Equation of state (cosmology) In
physics and
thermodynamics, an equation of state is a relation between
state variables. More specifically, an equation of state is a
thermodynamic equation describing the state of matter under a given set of physical conditions. It is a
constitutive equation which provides a mathematical relationship between two or more
state functions associated with the matter, such as its
temperature,
pressure,
volume, or
internal energy. Equations of state are useful in describing the properties of
fluids, mixtures of fluids,
solids, and even the interior of
stars.
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