An elementary reaction is a
chemical reaction in which one or more
chemical species react directly to form products in a single
reaction step and with a single
transition state.In a
unimolecular elementary reaction a
molecule, A,
dissociates or
isomerises to form the products(s). The
rate of such a reaction, at constant temperature, is proportional to the concentration of the species A In a
bimolecular elementary reaction two
atoms,
molecules,
ions or
radicals, A and B, react together to form the product(s) The rate of such a reaction, at constant temperature, is proportional to the product of the concentrations of the species A and B. This rate expression can be derived from first principles by using
collision theory. The rate expression for an elementary bimolecular reaction is sometimes referred to as the
Law of Mass Action as it was first proposed by Guldberg and Waage in 1864. An example of this type of reaction is a
cycloaddition reaction.
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