A deed is any legal instrument in writing which passes, or affirms or confirms something which passes, an interest, right, or property and that is signed, attested, delivered, and in some jurisdictions sealed. A deed, also known as an instrument in solemn form, is the most formal type of private instrument requiring not only the maker of the deed (grantor, transferor) but also attesting witnesses as signatories. A deed has therefore a greater presumption of validity and is less rebuttable than an instrument under hand, i.e., signed by the party to the deed only, or an instrument under seal. A deed can be unilateral or bilateral. Deeds include conveyances, commissions, licenses, patents, diplomas, and conditionally powers of attorney if executed as deeds. The deed is the modern descendant of the medieval charter, and delivery is thought to symbolically replace the ancient ceremony of livery of seisin.

Eine Urkunde (v. althochdt.: urchundi = Erkenntnis) ist eine Gedankenerklärung, die einen bestimmten Tatbestand bzw. Sachverhalt fixiert und zumeist auch ihren Aussteller erkennen lässt.

Les chartes sont des actes juridiques.

Urkund (från ty. Urkunde), egentligen en av myndighet eller enskild person till kännedom (ty. zu urkund) eller bestyrkande av en sak utfärdad skrift, till exempel kungligt brev, fördrag, domstolsutslag, grundläggande handling för ett bolag eller inrättning ("stiftelseurkund"), kontrakt, gåvobrev, testamente; i allmänhet källskrift.

Il rogito è uno strumento legale usato per trasferire un diritto. Il rogito è meglio noto come il metodo di trasferimento del titolo di proprietà di un bene immobile da un individuo ad un altro. Tuttavia, per concezione generale, i tribunali e qualunque conferenza accademica concorda sul concetto di rogito.