experimental group used to verify the results of an experiment via comparison to the subject group
A scientific control augments integrity in
experiments by isolating
variables as dictated by the
scientific method in order to make a conclusion about such variables. In a controlled experiment, two virtually identical experiments are conducted. In one of them, the treatment, the factor being tested is applied. In the other, the control, the factor being tested is not applied. For example, in testing a
drug, it is important to carefully verify that the supposed effects of the drug are produced only by the drug itself.
Doctors achieve this with a
double-blind study in a
clinical trial: two (statistically) identical groups of
patients are compared, one of which receives the drug and one of which receives a
placebo. Neither the patients nor the doctor know which group receives the real drug, which serves both to curb researchers'
bias and to isolate the effects of the drug.
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In a clinical trial, the group that does not receive the new treatment being studied. This group is compared to the group that receives the new treatment, to see if the new treatment works.
Any group of subjects used as a means of comparison in a scientific study.
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