In mathematics, a real-valued function f defined on an interval (or on any convex set C of some vector space) is called concave, if for any two points x and y in its domain C and any t in [0,1], we haveAlso, f(x) is concave on [a, b] if and only if the function −f(x) is convex on [a, b].A function that is concave is often synonymously called concave downward, and a function that is convex is often synonymously called concave upward.
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