common law

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Common law
In common law legal systems, the law is created and/or refined by judges: a decision in the case currently pending depends on decisions in previous cases and affects the law to be applied in future cases. When there is no authoritative statement of the law, common law judges have the authority and duty to "make" law by creating precedent. The body of precedent is called "common law" and it binds future decisions. In future cases, when parties disagree on what the law is, an "ideal" common law court looks to past precedential decisions of relevant courts. If a similar dispute has been resolved in the past, the court is bound to follow the reasoning used in the prior decision (this principle is known as stare decisis). If, however, the court finds that the current dispute is fundamentally distinct from all previous cases, it will decide as a "matter of first impression." Thereafter, the new decision becomes precedent, and will bind future courts under the principle of stare decisis.
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Common law
La common law (qui n'a pas de traduction appropriée en français) est un système bâti essentiellement sur le droit jurisprudentiel par opposition au droit civiliste ou codifié.
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Common Law
Das Common Law ist das in den angelsächsischen Ländern teilweise fortgeltende Recht, das sich nicht auf Gesetze, sondern auf maßgebliche richterliche Urteile der Vergangenheit (Präzedenzfälle) stützt und auch entsprechend weitergebildet wird. Das Common Law hat also Züge des Gewohnheitsrechts. Nur ein geringer, jedoch im 20./21. Jahrhundert dann stark zunehmender Anteil ist kodifiziert (sog. Statutory Law). Das Common Law umfasst alle Rechtsgebiete, d. h. sowohl  Zivilrecht (Civil Law) als auch Öffentliches Recht (inkl. Strafrecht).
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Common law
Common law — zbiorcze określenie rodziny systemów prawnych państw anglosaskich (m.in. krajów wchodzących w skład Wielkiej BrytaniiUSAAustraliiNowej Zelandii). Charakteryzuje się brakiem oddzielenia stosowania prawa od jego stanowienia oraz świadomym i celowym oparciem norm prawnych i rozstrzygnięć sądowych na wcześniejszych precedensach.
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Common law
Il sistema del Common law è un modello di ordinamento giuridico di matrice anglosassone, fondato su leggi non scritte e sviluppatosi attraverso i precedenti delle decisioni giurisprudenziali. Il sistema del Common Law è attualmente in vigore in AustraliaCanada (esclusa la regione del Quebec), nel Regno Unito (esclusa la Scozia), e negli Stati Uniti d'America (escluso lo Stato della Louisiana). Altre nazioni, peraltro, hanno adattato il sistema del common law alle loro tradizioni, creando così un sistema misto. Per esempio, l'India e la Nigeria attuano il sistema del common law frammisto a regole giuridiche di stampo religioso.
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