Coherence is the property of wave-like states that enables them to exhibit
interference. It is also the parameter that quantifies the quality of the interference (also known as the
degree of coherence). It was originally introduced in connection with Young’s
double-slit experiment in
optics but is now used in any field that involves waves, such as
acoustics,
electrical engineering,
neuroscience, and
quantum physics. In interference, at least two wave-like entities are combined and, depending on the relative
phase between them, they can add constructively or subtract destructively. The degree of coherence is equal to the
interference visibility, a measure of how perfectly the waves can cancel due to destructive interference. The property of coherence is the basis for commercial applications such as
holography, the
Sagnac gyroscope,
radio antenna arrays,
optical coherence tomography and telescope interferometers (astronomical optical interferometers and
radio telescopes).
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