Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is one of several names given to a poorly understood, highly debilitating disorder of uncertain
cause/causes, which is thought to affect approximately 4 per 1,000 adults in the
United States and other countries, and a smaller fraction of children. The disorder is marked by chronic mental and physical exhaustion, often severe, and by other specific symptoms, arising in previously healthy and active persons. Despite promising avenues of
research, there remains no objective
assay or
pathological finding which is widely accepted to be diagnostic of CFS. It remains largely a
diagnosis of exclusion, made on the basis of patient history and
symptomatic criteria, although a number of tests exist which can help aid diagnosis. Although there is agreement on the genuine threat to health, happiness, and productivity posed by CFS, various
physicians' groups, researchers, and patient activists champion very different nomenclature, diagnostic criteria, etiologic hypotheses, and favored treatments, resulting in ongoing controversy about nearly all aspects of the disorder. The name chronic fatigue syndrome is itself controversial, with some patient advocates and other authorities preferring terms such as myalgic encephalomyelitis ("ME" or "ME/CFS") and
post-viral fatigue syndrome ("PVFS"), which imply specific underlying etiologies or pathologic processes.
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A debilitating medical condition, chronic in nature, cause unknown, diagnosis by exclusion, no known verified test, treatment by relief of symptoms, life style changes, and occasionally time. Known also as Chronic Fatigue and Immune Dysfunction Syndrome (CFIDS) and as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME), there has been some debate over the existence and causes of this condition.