central bank

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Central bank
A central bank, reserve bank or monetary authority, is an entity responsible for the monetary policy of its country or of a group of member states. Its primary responsibility is to maintain the stability of the national currency and money supply, but more active duties include controlling subsidized-loan interest rates, and acting as a "bailout" lender of last resort to the banking sector during times of financial crisis (private banks often being integral to the national financial system). It may also have supervisory powers, to ensure that banks and other financial institutions do not behave recklessly or fraudulently.
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Banque centrale
La banque centrale d'un (ou plusieurs) État est une institution chargée par un pays (ou un ensemble de pays dans le cas d’une zone monétaire comme la zone euro) de superviser :la création de monnaie par le système bancaire, la politique monétaire, et aussi le bon fonctionnement des banques au niveau de leur solvabilité et du respect des réglementations.
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Zentralbank
Eine Zentralbank (auch Notenbank, Zentralnotenbank oder zentrale Notenbank) ist eine für die Geld- und Währungspolitik eines Währungsraums zuständige Institution. Sowohl sie, als auch die verantwortlichen Personen nennt man auch Währungshüter. Da es nationale und supranationale Währungsräume gibt, sind Zentralbanken entsprechend auf nationaler Ebene (US-Federal Reserve SystemBank of EnglandBank of Japan etc.) und auch supranational (z. B.  Europäische Zentralbank) vorzufinden.
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Bank centralny
Bank centralny – instytucja odpowiedzialna za funkcjonowanie systemu bankowego. Zazwyczaj działa jako jednostka państwowa bądź podporządkowana państwu. W Polsce funkcję banku centralnego pełni Narodowy Bank Polski.
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Banca centrale
Le banche centrali sono istituti di emissione indipendenti che si occupano di gestire la politica monetaria dei Paesi o delle aree economiche che condividono la medesima moneta. Di solito nascono su sollecitazioni di stati bisognosi di finanziare i deficit, ovvero la quota delle spese statali non coperte da imposizione fiscale, mediante l'emissione di titoli per dedicarsi successivamente all'emissione e alla gestione di moneta, anche al fine di impedire le frequenti crisi bancarie (con relative speculazioni) più probabili in sistemi economici in cui veniva riconosciuto a più banche private il diritto di emettere moneta.
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