catecholamine

n. classification of chemicals produced in the medulla of the adrenal gland (including but not limited to epinephrine and norepinephrine)

Catecholamines are chemical compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine containing catechol and amine groups. Some of them are biogenic amines. Catecholamines are water soluble and are 50 ound to plasma proteins, so they circulate in the bloodstream. The most abundant catecholamines are epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and dopamine, all of which are produced by phenylalanine and tyrosine. Tyrosine is created from phenylalanine by hydroxylation thanks to the enzyme, phenylalanine hydroxylase (tyrosine is also ingested directly from dietary protein). Tyrosine is then sent to catecholamine secreting neurons. Here many kinds of reactions convert it to dopamine, to norepinephrine and epinephrine eventually. Catecholamines as hormones are released by the adrenal glands in situations of stress such as psychological stress or low blood sugar levels.
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Noun
1. any of a group of chemicals including epinephrine and norepinephrine that are produced in the medulla of the adrenal gland
(hypernym) hormone, endocrine, internal secretion
(hyponym) noradrenaline, norepinephrine

n. catecholamine

B: (Kimia) katekolamina
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