carbonation

n. raising of the percentage of carbon in a metal

Carbonation occurs when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water or an aqueous solution. This process yields the "fizz" to carbonated water and sparkling mineral water, the head to beer, and the cork pop and bubbles to champagne and sparkling wine. It is also behind the Diet Coke and Mentos eruption effect.
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Noun
1. saturation with carbon dioxide (as soda water)
(hypernym) permeation, pervasion, suffusion
(derivation) carbonate