breather

n. pause for breath, short break

Breather or discrete breather, is phenomenon in which energy piles up in an irregular and non-linear fashion, rather than dispersing evenly, as one might expect it to do. A breather is a localized periodic solution of either continuous media equations or discrete lattice equations. The exactly solvable sine-Gordon one-dimensional PDE possesses breather solutions. Discrete nonlinear Hamiltonian lattices in many cases support breather solutions. Breathers are types of solitonic structures, and there are two types of breathers: standing or travelling ones. Standing breathers correspond to localized solutions whose amplitude vary in time (they are sometimes called oscillons). A necessary condition for breather existence in discrete lattices is that the breather main frequency and all its multipliers are located outside of the phonon spectrum of the lattice.
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Noun
1. a short respite
(synonym) breath, breathing place, breathing space, breathing spell, breathing time
(hypernym) respite, rest, relief, rest period
(derivation) rest, breathe, catch one's breath, take a breather
2. air passage provided by a retractable device containing intake and exhaust pipes; permits a submarine to stay submerged for extended periods of time
(synonym) snorkel, schnorkel, schnorchel, snorkel breather
(hypernym) air passage, air duct, airway
(part-holonym) submarine, pigboat, sub, U-boat
(derivation) breathe, take a breath, respire, suspire

(n.)
That which puts one out of breath, as violent exercise.
  

(n.)
One who breathes. Hence: (a) One who lives.(b) One who utters. (c) One who animates or inspires.
  

n.
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