bone marrow transplantation

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of blood stem cells derived from the bone marrow (that is, bone marrow transplantation) or blood. Stem cell transplantation is a medical procedure in the fields of hematology and oncology, most often performed for people with diseases of the blood, bone marrow, or certain types of cancer.
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The bone marrow—the sponge-like tissue found in the center of certain bones—contains stem cells [more]Bone marrow transplantation - Community and Resources

A procedure in which doctors replace diseased bone marrow with healthy bone marrow. The diseased bone marrow is destroyed by high doses of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. The replacement marrow may come from another person, or it may be the patient's own marrow (which was removed and stored before treatment). When donated marrow is used, the procedure is usually called allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Autologous bone marrow transplantation uses the patient's own marrow.

[trans-plan-TAY-shun]
A procedure to replace bone marrow that has been destroyed by treatment with high doses of anticancer drugs or radiation. Transplantation may be autologous (an individual's own marrow saved before treatment), allogeneic (marrow donated by someone else), or syngeneic (marrow donated by an identical twin).