biopsy

n. removal and study of a tissue sample for diagnostic purposes (Medical)

A biopsy (in Greek: bios = life and opsy = look/appearance) is a medical test involving the removal of cells or tissues for examination. The tissue is generally examined under a microscope by a pathologist, and can also be analyzed chemically (for example, using PCR techniques). When only a sample of tissue is removed, the procedure is called an incisional biopsy or core biopsy. When an entire lump or suspicious area is removed, the procedure is called an excisional biopsy. When a sample of tissue or fluid is removed with a needle, the procedure is called a needle aspiration biopsy.
See more at Wikipedia.org...

Biopsy /bi·op·sy/ removal and examination, usually microscopic, of tissue from the living body, performed to establish precise diagnosis. [more]Biopsy - Community and Resources

Noun
1. examination of tissues or liquids from the living body to determine the existence or cause of a disease
(hypernym) diagnostic test, diagnostic assay
(hyponym) blood test

The removal of a sample of tissue for examination under a microscope to check for cancer cells. A specialist trained to examine such tissues is called a pathologist.