Basil
Basil (Ocimum basilicum) ( or ), of the
Family Lamiaceae, is also known as Sweet Basil or Tulsi (
Hindi: तुलसी,
Tamil: துளசி). It is a tender low-growing
herb that is grown as a
perennial in warm, tropical climates. Basil is originally native to
India and other tropical regions of
Asia, having been cultivated there for more than 5,000 years. It is prominently featured in varied cuisines throughout the world including
Italian,
Thai,
Vietnamese and
Laotian. It grows to between 30–60 cm tall, with opposite, light green, silky
leaves 3–5 cm long and 1–3 cm broad. The flowers are quite big, white in color and arranged in a terminal
spike. Unusual among
Lamiaceae, the four
stamens and the
pistil are not pushed under the upper lip of the
corolla, but lay over the inferior. After
entomophilous pollination, the corolla falls off and four round
achenes develop inside the bilabiate
calyx. The plant tastes somewhat like
anise, with a strong, pungent, sweet smell. Basil is very sensitive to cold, with best growth in hot, dry conditions. While most common varieties are treated as
annuals, some are
perennial, including African Blue and Holy Thai basil.
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Basile
Basilic (plante)
Basil
Basilikum
Bazylia pospolita
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Ocimum basilicum