attapulgite

Palygorskite (also known as attapulgite) is a magnesium aluminium phyllosilicate with formula (Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH)·4(H2O) which occurs in a type of clay soil common to the Southeastern United States. It is one of the types of fuller's earth. When used in medicine, it physically binds to acids and toxic substances in the stomach and digestive tract. For that reason, it has often been used in antidiarrheal medications. Until 2003, it was the active ingredient used in Kaopectate, before that product was reformulated with bismuth subsalicylate. Like bismuth, it is not absorbed into the body, however the two work differently.
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General Information:
 Chemical Formula:
(Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH)·4(H2O)
 Composition:
(Molecular Weight = 411.35 gm)
Magnesium 8.86 % Mg
Aluminum 3.28 % Al
Silicon 27.31 % Si
Hydrogen 2.21 % H 
Oxygen 58.34 % O 
 Empirical Formula:
Mg1.5Al0.5Si4O10(OH)·4(H2O)
 Name Origin:
Named after a deposit in the Ural Mountains, Russia.
Physical Properties:
 Cleavage:
[110] Good
 Color:
white, gray, or brownish white.
 Density:
2.1 - 2.2, Average = 2.15
 Diaphaniety:
Translucent
 Habits:
Massive - Fibrous - Distinctly fibrous fine-grained forms., Earthy - Dull, clay-like texture with no visible crystalline affinities, (e.g. howlite).,
 Hardness:
2-2.5 - Gypsum-Finger Nail
 Luster:
Earthy (Dull)
 Streak:
white
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ATTAPULGITE

B: (Kimia) atapulgit
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