artesian

adj. of or pertaining to an artesian well

See Great Artesian Basin for the water source in Australia. An artesian aquifer is a confined aquifer containing groundwater that will flow upwards out of a well without the need for pumping. An aquifer provides the water for a artesian well. An aquifer is a layer of soft rock, like limestone or sandstone, that absorbs water from an inlet path. Porous stone is crushed between impermeable rocks or clay. This keeps the pressure high, so when the water finds a hole, it defies gravity and goes up instead of down.
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Adjective
1. (of water) rising to the surface under internal hydrostatic pressure; "an artesian well"; "artesian pressure"
(synonym) flowing
(antonym) subartesian

(a.)
Of or pertaining to Artois (anciently called Artesium), in France.
  

Of, being, or concerning an aquifer in which water rises to the surface due to pressure from overlying water.