apperception

n. ability to grasp new concepts, perception (Psychology)

Apperception (Latin ad + percipere, to perceive) has the following meanings:In epistemology, it is "the introspective or reflective apprehension by the mind of its own inner states" (Ledger Wood in Runes).In psychology, it is "the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole" (Ledger Wood in Runes). In short, it is to perceive new experience in relation to past experience.
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Apperception /ap·per·cep·tion/ the process of receiving, appreciating, and interpreting sensory impressions. ap·per·cep·tion n. 1. [more]Apperception - Community and Resources

Noun
1. the process whereby perceived qualities of an object are related to past experience
(hypernym) basic cognitive process
(derivation) apperceive

(n.)
The mind's perception of itself as the subject or actor in its own states; perception that reflects upon itself; sometimes, intensified or energetic perception.